Grades, GPA, and Confusion - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Grades, GPA, and Confusion - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Grades, GPA, and Confusion I have said it before and I will say it again, three letters cause more confusion in college admissions that any other; GPA. I have made it a point this year to try and stay away from the word GPA as much as possible (unless I am forced to talk about mid-ranges), and today brought this topic to mind again for me. I work witha great team of people, and one groups focus during this time of year is to review and evaluate high school transcripts. At times, I pitch in and help a little bit, both to make sure everything is going well, but also so I can look at the transcripts for our freshman applicants and see if there are any new trends at the high schools. In looking at about 30 transcripts today, I noticed that a number of schools, from New York to Tennessee to Georgia, are starting to add weight to teachers grades. For example, if a student receives an 87 from his AP Lit. teacher for the Fall semester, some schools are now adding points to the 87 grade (generally somewhere from 2-10 points), so the teacher grade at school X that adds 7 points now becomes a 94. While I am all for schools having a say about their own grading system, I am worried that this is being done to have an impact on college admissions offices, and that the high schools do not really understand how this might affect their students. From my years of seeing a wide variety of grading systems (letter grades, numerical grades, narrative grade reports, non-standard letter grades, etc.), I have noticed, at least at UGA, that this type of grade alteration is actually hurting some of the best students at these schools. At UGA, we look at individual grades, and if a school does not add weight to the individual grades, we will then add .5 to each AP or IB grade (4 point scale used), so a B grade would go from a 3.0 to a 3.5. If a school does add weight to the individual grades, whether it is 2 points or 10 points, we will then not double dip and add any more weight, as this would not be equal. At this point, most people start to think that the individual school adding weightlooks great, and want their own school to do this. And yes, for some students in some schools, this does add a little more weight than UGAs method.BUT WAIT!! What about those students at the very top, taking a large number of AP classes and making mostly As? Sam took 5 classes last semester, 3 of which were APs, and made a grade of 95 in all of them (and an A is a 90 or better at his school). The school then adds 7 points to each AP grade, so he now hastwo grades of95 and three grades of 102. To UGA, we look at this and see 5 As, so Sam has a 4.00 GPA, and do not add any weight because the school already did. But if Sams school did not add any weight, we would then see five grades of 95, add a .5 for each of the AP grades, and his GPA to us would be a 4.30. This is just one semester, not three years of grades, but you see the point. When a high school tries to work the system, sometimes it does not really work out the way they want. What can you do? Do your best, challenge yourself, know how both your high school and the colleges to which you apply evaluate grades, and trust that UGA and other colleges like us try our best to look at everyone on a level playing field.

The Presence Of God Christ, Holy Spirit, And Redemption

BETHLEHEM SEMINARY THE PRESENCE OF GOD SUBMITTED TO PROF. RICK SHENK IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THEO 6520: CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE 2: CHRIST, HOLY SPIRIT, AND REDEMPTION BY RYAN THOM DECEMBER 10, 2013 THE PRESENCE OF GOD God’s presence can mean a lot of different things to many different individuals. It may mean the warmth that he gets when singing a Christmas song with family, or the tears of joy she gets when she is in prayer with her closest friends. God’s presence may be described as coming through times of worship in song, or during a poignant point of a powerful presentation. But what really is God’s presence? Introduction When we read the pages of the Old Testament canon we find the presence of God spoken throughout. The most frequent Hebrew word for â€Å"presence† is panim (× ¤Ã– ¸Ã– ¼Ã—  Ã– ´Ã—™× ), which translates â€Å"face or presence,† carrying the idea of an intimate manifestation of the presence of God (Numbers 6:25-26). In the New Testament canon we find the word prosopon (Ï€Ï ÃÅ'ÏÆ'ωπÎ ¿ÃŽ ½), which generally has the same meaning, translating as â€Å"face† or â€Å"mask.† The reality of the presence of God can be interpreted in many different ways, and it is a reality that is significant for the child of God. The central issue I am going to address in this paper is the presupposition that someone can lead another person into the presence of God. I’d like to make the case that there is only one who can do this, namely, Jesus Christ, who has â€Å"†¦entered, not into holy places madeShow MoreRelatedFaith736 Words   |  3 Pagesof the God-fearing people of the land can unite. I believe that there is only one God and this God is manifested in three persons-Father, Son and Holy Spirit (trinity). He is the creator of the universe and of all life, the sustainer of all things, who is infinite in glory, wisdom, holiness, justice, power and love. God is love and thus is a personal God establishing a personal relationship with those who are called His people. I believe man was created in the image and likeness of God. HoweverRead MoreThe Spirit Of The Holy Spirit960 Words   |  4 Pagesand doctrinal teachings that acknowledge the power of the Holy Spirit, however, they do not as cribe his actions and the power to an individual essence but rather to mere influence. I do believe that the Holy Spirit is a person, in-fact the Third Person of the Trinity who is equal with the Father and the Son in essence. When it comes to the individual acts of the Holy Spirit as recorded in scripture, Elmer Town says it best â€Å"the Holy Spirit does a number of things only a person can do; and it isRead MoreThe Bible Should Undergird Every Aspect Of Christian Life Essay1610 Words   |  7 Pages The Bible should undergird every aspect of Christian life. The Bible is where God has chosen to reveal his character, express his desires and to unveil his plan of redemption for humanity. The Bible holds the information that aids to solidify the believer’s faith, relays history, offers wisdom, comforts the hurting and communicates the foundational instructions for living a transformed Christ-like life. Therefore, this thesis will begin its research from a Biblical per spective, to establish aRead MorePracticing Christian Doctrine By Beth Falkner Jones1596 Words   |  7 Pages The atoning work of Jesus is a difficult concept to wrap your head around. On the one hand, we see that, because he is one hundred percent God, he has full knowledge that he will ‘on the third day ascend into heaven’ and will be seated at the right of the God the Father Almighty. Yet, at the same time, Jesus the 30ish year old man is faced with his own gruesome death, and separation from the Father. As difficult as it is to grasp how hard it was for Jesus during this time, it is even harder toRead MoreAn Open Mind As The Holy Spirit1232 Words   |  5 PagesThe Holy Spirit is another Comforter, Teacher, and Reminder. Before Christ went back to Heaven He said that He would not leave us without another Comforter, of which is the Holy Ghost. God the Holy Spirit, God the Father, and God the Son are a Trinity, in Heaven and on this earth. The Comforter indwells us and we are in God and in Jesus. We are in the Trinity. Talk about eternal security, how much more can one be s ecure than this? Being the Holy Spirit is our Teacher, and the Word of God saysRead MoreAnalysis Of Genesis And The Of God 1080 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstand that God had something special planned for creation and humanity. Creation, where all things created by God, through the Logos or Second Person of the Trinity, by the power and presence of the Holy Spirit, culminating with humanity, was supposed to commune in harmony with God the Father. However, this perfect communion and relationship between God and humanity would be irreparably damaged by the disobedience of Adam and Eve and the indelible stain that act left on humankind. God, in spite ofRead MoreThe Worldview And Its Impact On My Worldview1608 Words   |  7 Pageshas evolved from as a by product of cultural influence, to one steeped in my belief of God. However, until I got married 4 years ago, I had never actively worked on developing my Christian theistic worldview. Brown, Phillips and Stonestreet (2008) described a persons†™ worldview as the framework that guides our beliefs and viewpoints (p. 21). With this in mind, I have established 3 main tenants of my worldview, God is, the universe was and morality will be. These are the foundations for the way I liveRead MoreThe Spirit Of The Holy Spirit1137 Words   |  5 Pages The Holy Spirit gives different gifts to different people. There are multiple ways to use these gifts and the Spirit works in differing ways. More importantly, these gifts are given by the same Spirit, the different ways to use them come from the same Lord and the same God is making these different gifts happen in everyone (1 Corinthians 12:4-6). The Holy Spirit gives these gifts to everyone that is a part of the body of believers (1 Corinthians 12:4). The way that the Holy Spirit is given to eachRead MoreJesus Christ Into Your Life1545 Words   |  7 PagesJesus Christ into your life, your spirit is in the same sad shape as a smoker’s diseased lungs. Our spirits were creat ed by God to be in perfect union and fellowship with Him. The spirit does not take in oxygen like the lungs, but it does take in God’s life-giving power. The spirit, that all believers have inside us, is sustained by the perfect love of our Heavenly Father and by the freedom and peace that only a relationship with Jesus Christ can provide. So what is this new life that God offersRead MoreEssay on Confirmation in the Catholic Church1646 Words   |  7 PagesInitiation for Catholics and a Sacrament of faith in Gods fidelity to us Confirmation is the moment when two things are confirmed. The candidate confirms his/her faith in Christ and takes full responsibility for that faith and for membership of the community of faith, which we call the church. God, through the Bishop, confirms Gods claim on the candidates life. Whatever happens at confirmation, the moment for those who are confirmed is a significant one because

Juvenile Delinquency A Complex Social Phenomenon Of...

Introduction Given the range and significance of juvenile delinquency, the demand for understanding strategies has become apparent in order to combat a complex social phenomenon of criminal behavior in juveniles. The juvenile justice system is an intricate part of juvenile justice intertwining law enforcement, court and correctional agencies along with the community when dealing with juvenile delinquents. Thus, understanding delinquents and how they behave is crucial when considering the effectiveness of prevention to commit further crimes. Theories of juvenile justice causation enables all to understand what the strains and breakdowns in social processes are to assist in the production of conformity. During the former years of juvenile delinquency, treatment of children changed how society viewed the social and special needs of children by examining the theories of what could have caused youth to commit crimes. Juvenile Delinquency Theories â€Å"Symbolic-interactionist theories of delinquency are concerned less with values than with the way in which social meanings and definitions can help produce delinquent behavior,† (The Gale Group, Inc., 2001). In other words, symbolic interactionism recognizes the theories of delinquency through the eyes of values versus socialism. Earlier interactionist theories based their theories on how adolescents acquired meanings and definitions from others, but as time has passed, now focuses on the role of official control agenciesShow MoreRelatedFemale Juveniles Are The Most Vulnerable927 Words   |  4 PagesFemale juveniles are known to be the most vulnerable. If they are growing up in poverty or suffering from abuse, their delinquent behavior are often leads to self-destruction. Female juveniles will most likely grow up to join street gangs, drop out of school, or become teenage mothers. Girls are the fastest growing segment of the juvenile just ice system with minority females disproportionately represented among delinquent girls; two-thirds are girls of color. The majority have been subjected to someRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency3872 Words   |  16 PagesJuvenile delinquency Juvenile delinquency, also known as juvenile offending, or youth crime, is participation in illegal behavior by minors (juveniles) (individuals younger than the statutory age of majority).Most legal systems prescribe specific procedures for dealing with juveniles, such as juvenile detention centers, and courts. A juvenile delinquent is a person who is typically under the age of 18 and commits an act that otherwise would have been charged as a crime if they were an adult. DependingRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency3863 Words   |  16 PagesJuvenile delinquency Juvenile delinquency, also known as juvenile offending, or youth crime, is participation in illegal behavior by minors (juveniles) (individuals younger than the statutory age of majority).Most legal systems prescribe specific procedures for dealing with juveniles, such as juvenile detention centers, and courts. A juvenile delinquent is a person who is typically under the age of 18 and commits an act that otherwise would have been charged as a crime if they were an adult. DependingRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : The Common Poor Parenting, Socioeconomic Status And Peer Pressure Essay1659 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile delinquency is one of the most complex, interesting and challenging phenomena in Trinidad and Tobago. In recent years there have been a high proportion of juvenile males being arrested and remanded at the nation’s youth facilities. In 2013, 106 young males were sent to the Youth Training Centre (YTC), for various offences, (Ministry of Justice, 2013). Among these, 25% were arrested for murder, 16% for possession of drugs, 14% for robbery, 3% for breaching of school rules and 6% were beyondRead MoreSocial Structure Of A Social Institution3100 Words   |  13 Pages A social institution is a complex, integrated set of social norms organized around the conservation of a basic societal value. Social institutions are established or standardized patterns of convention-regulated behavior. They include the household, education, religion, and economic and political establishments. A well-established and structured pattern of behavior or of relationships of groups of people that is accepted as a fundamental part of a culture. Institutions are structures and mechanismsRead MoreEssay on Crime and Delinquency1407 Words   |  6 PagesCrime and Delinquency In 1939 Criminologist Edwin H. Sutherland proposed his theory of Differential Association in his Principles of Criminology textbook. Differential Association theory states that criminal behavior is learned behavior. Sutherland along with Richard Cloward, and Lloyd Ohlin attempted to explain this phenomenon by emphasizing the role of learning. To become a criminal, a person must not only be inclined toward illegal activity, he or she must also learn how to commit criminal actsRead MoreEssay on Criminological Theories13456 Words   |  54 PagesChapter 5. Chapter 6. Chapter 7. Chapter 8. Chapter 9. Chapter 10. Chapter 11. Chapter 12. Introduction to Criminological Theory Deterrence and Rationale Choice Theories Biological Theories Psychological Theories Social Learning Theory Social Bonding and Control Theories Labeling Theory Social Disorganization, Anomie, and Strain Theories Conflict Theory Marxist and Critical Theories Feminist Theories Integrating Criminological Theories 4 7 11 1 5 18 22 25 28 32 35 38 41 3 Chapter 1 IntroductionRead MoreJuveniles in the Adult Justice System3336 Words   |  13 PagesTopic: Juveniles do not belong in the Adult Justice System. Authorities who waive Juveniles into the Adult Justice System are making a devastating impact on their futures Abstract This paper is about the most controversial subject in the penal system today, i.e. should juveniles be treated as adults and be tried in the adult justice system and the negative impact on their lives. This becomes relevant after the judgment in Roper Vs Simmons (1995) which states that there is a doubt as to whenRead MoreThe Label Gang : A Study Of 1313 Gangs Essay6194 Words   |  25 PagesWest, prison inmates, Mafioso and other organized criminals, motorcyclists, and groups of inner city youths. Despite its diverse application, the term gang almost always connotes involvement in disreputable or illegal activities. Social scientists use the term gang most frequently when describing groups of juveniles. This tendency dates back to Frederic Thrasher s The Gang: A Study of 1,313 Gangs in Chicago (1927). According to Thrasher, social conditions in the United States at the end of the nineteenthRead MoreChildren in Conflict to the Law12401 Words   |  50 PagesUnder R.A. 9344 a child who is 15 years of age at the time of the commission of offense are exempted from criminal liability, however the child shall be subjected to an intervention program provided by local social welfare development office who will determine appropriate programs and consultation with the client and to person having custody of the child. There are three types of delinquency: the first type is environment delinquent, they are usually occasional law breakers. The second type is

Marx and arnold †individual in the class Free Essays

Karl Marx was one of the most influential ideologues of all times. His ideas fired men to revolutions and empowered them as a class denoted by the proletariat to wage struggle against domination by the bourgeois. (Marx. We will write a custom essay sample on Marx and arnold – individual in the class or any similar topic only for you Order Now Engels. Et Al.:1998). His ideology of individual empowerment contributing to class control over society holds sway amongst a large swathe of humanity even to this day. While Marx was a powerful believer in individual power, it was through its regulation that change in society was brought about. This change was not the way a person pleased or sought it to be but on the basis of history and as per existing circumstances. (Marx. Engels: 1986).   In the struggle of the classes, Marx believed that it was individual influence as denoted in labor power which had been undermined over the years by the bourgeoisie. The control granted to individuals through their work denoted labor power which comprised of the prime energy which created a vital force in nations. (Marx: 1999). Marx values labor power as it is the only means which can produce more value than its worth, thus this is the productive value of individuals.   (Marx: 2003).   Class struggle as per Marx begins with individual power generated by personal toil which is coagulated to destroy those elements which work against their interests. Thus Marx believed that the exploitative nature of individual power particularly amongst the bourgeoisie will be brought to an end through collective authority of individuals of the proletariat. (Karl Marx: 2006). Marx states that each man in a capitalist system works in his own interest and thus ultimately results in the destruction of the organism as a whole. (Aron: 1965). The ideal structure for harnessing individual power is thus felt to be the communist system wherein the power of each individual can be channelised for the collective good. An individual’s role is related to his role in class and economic relations and thus his power is also channelised in that direction. (Marx: 1999). The view of individual power held by Marx is thus of production, material creation and contribution to the class struggle. The individual soul loses its power in the collectivity of the class to which he belongs. Arnold was a poet in the Victorian era who is said to have guidance and rationality in an age which was increasingly industrialized and when individuals were losing their moorings to increased vocationalisation of human activity. By adopting the analogies of the Barbarians, Philistines and Populace wherein individuality was subordinated, Arnold attempted to bring back a sense of power to the individual. (Arnold EB: 2006). Arnold’s philosophy of individualism was based on the ability of the individual to change society by following a contrarian approach rather than just blindly following reality. Arnold abhorred the average man who he believed failed to contribute to quality in society. It is the individual who is not average, the, â€Å"remnant† as he called it who contributes most to the social order and democracy. A remnant is required to be humble and should look upwards to some standard. Once a majority of the people assume such a quality, as per Arnold, the whole society will rise above the normal. For raising such a social order, education was a key parameter. Education has to be humanist and religious and not merely utilitarian or sentimental. The scientific temper of education has been reducing the humane standards that people have.   There was a greater need for reinventing education to enable a holistic approach. (The Dialogue: 2006). Arnold calls for finding the best amongst oneself and then follow it. This self needs to be one which is the best and not what is upper most in the mind. An individual should not go against this, â€Å"best light† and ensure that this light is not darkness. (Arnold : 2000). Pursuit of culture which generates beauty and intelligence or what Arnold has called sweetness and light in individual is its main purpose. (Arnold : 2000)   Action by individuals should be guided by such sweetness and light. There should be no fear that such men cannot bear the trials of a tough life, by avoiding rough action. By relying on less random action people can confront such acts. Arnold believed that the central theme of British society was assertion of personal liberty. However he was clearly against individualism resulting in anarchy. (Arnold : 2000) Arnolds identified religion as per Christ as a force which was based on individual proclivities acting on himself rather than injunctions from outside. Thus the individual can gain control over himself and thus contribute to society. (Style : 2006). Arnold spawned the movement of humanism in the United Staes which provided the guiding light of morality from past civilisations for individuals to survive in a world which was turning towards greater individualism and materialism. (New Humanism : 2006). The strength of Arnold’s style lay lies in his use of the satirical and analytic to denote his theories which made them more explicit. (Genre : 2006). The individual power denoted by Marx is one which has been harnessed for creation, production and destruction. (Marx. Engels: 1986). It is power in the individual for action resulting from his labor, as against intrinsic power developed through intermix with education and culture. Marx wants to harness individual power to change society, to bring class struggle; Arnold wants individual power to raise the resistance of humans to survive in an increasingly materialistic and industrialized World. (Marx. Engels: 1986). The strength or power in an individual as per Arnold came from within, while Marx believed that individual power came from the society and the environment surrounding him. The power of individuals as per Marx rests in his ability to produce value through labor, it is to be harnessed collectively, on the other hand, Arnold believes in power of the individual which is derived from his culture and sensitivities and which guides him to do the right things for the overall good of society. (Arnold : 2000). Thus there was a major differentiation between the identification and use of power between Marx and Arnold. Reference 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Dialogue. 2006. The Dialogue Of The Mind With Itself† http://www.nhumanities.org/arnold.htm† (30 May 2006). 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Culture and Anarchy. http://www.authorama.com/culture-and-anarchy-4.html. (31 May 2006). 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Arnold, Matthew. 2000. Culture and Anarchy : An Essay in Political an Social Criticism (Collected Works of Matthew Arnold). Classic Books. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Arnold, Matthew. EB 2006. â€Å"Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Premium Service.http://wwwa.britannica.com/eb/article?tocId=9009580. (30 May 2006). 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   New Humanism. (2006). In Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Premium Service: http://wwwa.britannica.com/eb/article?tocId=9055477. (30 May 2006). 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Style. 2006. http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/arnold/style1.html. (31 May 2006). 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.victorianweb.org/genre/ej/2c4.html. (31 May 2006). 8.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Karl Marx. 2006. http://www.anu.edu.au/polsci/marx/classics/manifesto.htmlKarl Marx. (31 May 2006). 9.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Marx. 2003. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/marx/. (31 May 2006). 10.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Aron, Raymond. 1965. Main Currents in Sociological Thought. Basic Books. New York. 11.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Marx, Karl. 1999. Das Kapital. Gateway. New York. 12.   Marx, Karl. Engels, Friedrich McLellan, David. 1998. The Communist Manifesto. Oxford University Press, New York. New Ed edition. 13.   Marx Engels. 1986.   Collected Works. International Publishers. How to cite Marx and arnold – individual in the class, Essay examples

A role of the art in the expression of inner thoughts and beauty Essay Example For Students

A role of the art in the expression of inner thoughts and beauty Essay The Arts play a large role in the expression of inner thoughts and beauty in my life. From dance and music to abstract art our concept of life is shown through the various ways in which we interpret it. We use the Arts as a means of touching that part of us that we cannot reach with Physical Science, Social Science, or any of the Humanities. The arts allow us to be as specific or as abstract as we please. It helps us become closer to ourselves and to others around us. Though there has been a lot of confusion as to what the true definition of good art is, how we show others what is going on in our minds and inner souls cannot be judged, graded, criticized or revised by anyone other than ourselves. The arts play a valued role in creating cultures and developing and documenting civilizations. The arts teach us how to communicate through creative expression. Show us how to understand human experiences, past and present. Prepare us to adapt to and respect the ways others think, work, and express themselves. Music, singing, dancing, poetry, and sketching are just a few of the different forms of art that I use to express myself in a way that I enjoy. Because each art discipline appeals to different senses and expresses itself through different media, each adds a special richness to the learning environment. Arts help people Learn to identify, appreciate, and participate in the traditional and non-traditional art forms of their own communities and the communities of others. Art teaches us how to be imaginative, creative, and reflective. Different art forms help us develop the verbal and nonverbal abilities necessary for lifelong learning. The intellectual demands of the arts help us develop problem-solving abilities and such powerful thinking skills as analyzing and evaluating. Numerous studies point toward a consistent and positive comparison between concrete education in the arts and student achievement in other subjects. A program in arts education would engage students in a process that helps them develop the self-esteem, self-discipline, cooperation, and self-motivation necessary for success in life. Most important, the arts should be experienced and studied for their own true value. If art was not present in my life, I know that I would be missing so much. I would not be able to do the things that I love to do each day. The only way to express yourself is through art, and the presence of art in the lives of todays society plays a big role. People listen to music every day, they dance, and sing. For many peoples art is a way of life, and without it they would be lost. Art is the only way to express ones true feelings. Without art the world would be a dull and sad place. People would not be able to communicate in the same sense that art allows them to. Art shows peoples individualism. Without art wouldnt we all be the same?

3 Cases of Nonequivalent List Items

3 Cases of Nonequivalent List Items 3 Cases of Nonequivalent List Items 3 Cases of Nonequivalent List Items By Mark Nichol When a list of items in a sentence is not a simple matter of a, b, and c, writers can easily err in erroneously constructing the sentence, mangling the syntax in the mistaken belief that nonequivalent items are equivalent. Each of the sentences below presents a distinct problem with parallel structuring of lists, and the discussions and revisions that follow the examples explain and resolve the problems. 1. If you have a kitten, pregnant, or nursing cat, we recommend that you feed it kitten food. This sentence reads as if it refers to three types of cats: kitten cats, pregnant cats, and nursing cats. However, â€Å"kitten cat† is redundant, so kitten must appear syntactically distinct from the two other types of cats mentioned. The references to those types may be combined into a compound phrase, but it must follow a conjunction and a shared article, and the punctuation between them must be omitted to allow them to share the article: â€Å"If you have a kitten or a pregnant or nursing cat, we recommend that you feed it kitten food.† 2. Companies need to embrace innovation, cultural change, and embark on the digital-transformation process to become more nimble and keep up with the changing business environment. This sentence attempts to refer to three actions: embrace of innovation, embrace of cultural change, and embarkation on the digital-transformation process. But â€Å"cultural change† is not provided with its own verb, and the comma that precedes the phrase prevents it from sharing one with innovation. In order to share, the comma must be replaced by a conjunction. In addition, because such a revision results in two, not three, list items (the combination â€Å"embrace innovation and cultural change† and the phrase about embarkation), no internal punctuation is required: â€Å"Companies need to embrace innovation and cultural change and embark on the digital transformation process to become more nimble and keep up with the changing business environment.† 3. Factors influencing technology selection and implementation include the entity’s goals, marketplace needs, competitive requirements, and the associated costs and benefits. Because â€Å"associated costs and benefits† is only tangentially related to the entity, it should not be part of the list describing various aspects of the entity; the sentence must be revised so that â€Å"competitive requirements† is clearly the final item in the list: â€Å"Factors influencing technology selection and implementation include the entity’s goals, marketplace needs, and competitive requirements and the associated costs and benefits.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comma After i.e. and e.g.List of Greek Words in the English Language15 Names and Descriptions of Effects

Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, Liberias Iron Lady

Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, Liberias Iron Lady Ellen Johnson was born on  October  29, 1938, in Monrovia, the capital of Liberia, amongst the descendants of original colonists of Liberia (ex-African slaves from America, who promptly on arrival set about enslaving the indigenous people using the social system of their old American masters as a basis for their new society). These descendants are known in Liberia as Americo-Liberians. Causes of Liberias Civil Conflict The social inequalities between indigenous Liberians and the Americo-Liberians have lead to much of the political and social strife in the country, as leadership bounced between dictators representing opposing groups (Samuel Doe replacing William Tolbert, Charles Taylor replacing Samuel Doe). Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf rejects the suggestion that she is one of the elite: If such a class existed, it has been obliterated over the last few years from intermarriages and social integration. Gaining an Education From 1948 to 55 Ellen Johnson studied accounts and economics at the College of West Africa in Monrovia. After marriage at the age of 17 to James Sirleaf, she traveled to America (in 1961) and continued her studies, achieving a degree from the University of Colorado. From 1969 to 71 she read economics at Harvard, gaining a masters degree in public administration. Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf then returned to Liberia and began working in William Tolberts (True Whig Party) government. A Start in Politics Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf served as Minister of Finance from 1972 to 73 but left after a disagreement over public spending. As the 70s progressed, life under Liberias one-party state became more polarised- to the benefit of the Americo-Liberian elite. On April 12, 1980, Master Sergeant Samuel Kayon Doe, a member of the indigenous Krahn ethnic group, seized power in a military coup and President William Tolbert was executed along with several members of his cabinet by firing squad. Life under Samuel Doe With the Peoples Redemption Council now in power, Samuel Doe began a purge of government. Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf narrowly escaped- choosing exile in Kenya. From 1983 to 85 she served as Director of Citibank in Nairobi, but when Samuel Doe declared himself president of the Republic in 1984 and unbanned political parties, she decided to return. During the 1985 elections, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf campaigned against Doe and was placed under house arrest. An Economists Life in Exile Sentenced to ten years in prison, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf spent just a short time incarcerated, before being allowed to leave the country once again as an exile. During the 1980s she served as Vice President of both the African Regional Office of Citibank, in Nairobi, and of (HSCB) Equator Bank, in Washington. Back in Liberia civil unrest erupted once more. On 9 September 1990, Samuel Doe was killed by a splinter group from Charles Taylors National Patriotic Front of Liberia. A New Regime From 1992 to 97 Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf worked as Assistant Administrator, and then Director, of the UN Development Program Regional Bureau for Africa (essentially an Assistant Secretary-General of the UN). Meanwhile, in Liberia, an interim government was put in power, led by a succession of four un-elected officials (the last of whom, Ruth Sando Perry, was Africas first female leader). By 1996 the presence of West African peacekeepers created a lull in the civil war, and elections were held. A First Attempt at the Presidency Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf returned to Liberia in 1997 to contest the election. She came second to Charles Taylor (gaining 10% of the vote compared to his 75%) out of a field of 14 candidates. The election was declared free and fair by international observers. (Johnson-Sirleaf campaigned against Taylor and was charged with treason.) By 1999 civil war had returned to Liberia, and Taylor was accused of interfering with his neighbors, fomenting unrest and rebellion. A New Hope from Liberia On 11 August 2003, after much persuasion, Charles Taylor handed power over to his deputy Moses Blah. The new interim government and rebel groups signed an historic peace accord and set about installing a new head of state. Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf was proposed as a possible candidate, but in the end, the diverse groups selected Charles Gyude Bryant, a political neutral. Johnson-Sirleaf served as head of the Governance Reform Commission. Liberias 2005 Election Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf played an active role in the transitional government as the country prepared for the 2005 elections and eventually stood for president against her rival the ex-international footballer, George Manneh Weah. Despite the elections being called fair and orderly, Weah repudiated the result, which gave a majority to Johnson-Sirleaf, and the announcement of Liberias new president was postponed, pending an investigation. On  November 23, 2005, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf was declared the winner of the Liberian election and confirmed as the countrys next president. Her inauguration, attended by the likes of US First Lady Laura Bush and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, took place on Monday, January 16, 2006.Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, the divorced mother of four boys and grandmother to six children, is Liberias first elected female president, as well as the first elected female leader on the continent.